關(guān)于英語動詞不定式短語整理，關(guān)于英語動詞不定式這個問題很多朋友還不知道，今天小六來為大家解答以上的問題，現(xiàn)在讓我們一起來看看吧！
1、一、不定式的基本形式: to＋動詞原形,有時可以省略to. 二、 動詞不定式的特點: （1）沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,在句子中不能作謂語. （2）動詞不定式仍保留動詞的特點,可以有自己的賓語和狀語.動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語可構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語.如: to read a book; to sing at the party. （3）動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征,因此,在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語. 三、動詞不定式作賓語.即不定式直接跟在謂語動詞后,是謂語動詞涉及的直接對象.如果沒有這個不定式,這個句子的意思就讓人難以理解. 能直接帶不定式作賓語的及物動詞主要有: want, like , love , need , try , ask , learn , begin , start , forget , remember, hope , wish , agree, choose , fail , refuse , decide , afford , offer , make sure , take turns , would like , plan , hate , try one’s best 等. 四、動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語. 能用動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有: ask , tell , get , order , would like , want , teach , show , allow , encourage , warn , wish , invite ,help等. 五、動詞不定式作狀語: 即不定式直接跟在謂語動詞后,僅對謂語動詞起一個補(bǔ)充說明的作用.如果沒有它,句子仍然意思完整,它不象作賓語那樣,與謂語動詞有著密切的關(guān)系.（1）表示目的: The doctor came to operate on her. He has gone to town to do some shopping. I sat down to have a rest. He stopped to have a look. He rushed into the room to save the girl. The moved away the stone to let the traffic go. He got up to catch the train. （2）表示結(jié)果: The girl cried only to make her mother angry. （3）表示程度: She is too tired to walk any farther. She is strong enough to carry the heavy box. （4）表示原因: I was surprised to read the news. 能帶不定式作狀語的形容詞有: glad , happy , pleased , angry , clever , careful , surprised , lucky ,ready ,sorry, amazed , afraid ,sad , unhappy , sure , free ,kind, nice , worried , easy , hard 六、不定式作定語: 動詞不定式作定語,一般要放在被修飾詞的后面,不定式與所修飾的詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系. We have lots of work to do. Would you like something to drink? I want to get something to read during my holiday. That’s a difficult question to answer. 【注意】如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞,后面就應(yīng)有必要的介詞. 如: He is looking for a room to live in. Give me a piece of paper to write on. He has nothing to worry about. There is not enough space to stand in on the earth.. She is a nice person to work with. a place to go to. 七、動詞不定式作主語: 如 To learn a foreign language is not easy. 在現(xiàn)代英語中,常用it來作形式主語,而把真正的動詞不定式主語放在后面.即句型: “It is＋形容詞＋for （ of） sb. to do sth.”中，當(dāng)形容詞是kind ，nice 。
2、 good ， clever ， careful 。
3、 careless , right , wrong , foolish 等表示人的性格特征時, 用of ; 如果形容詞為difficult , easy , hard, important ,interesting, possible ,necessary 等表示事物的特征時, 用for. It is necessary / important / easy / hard/ possible for us to learn English well. It is very kind /nice / good of you to help me with my English. ※ 在句型: 主語＋find / think / feel / make +it +形容詞+ to do sth.中,it為形式賓語. I found it very important to learn English well. I think it easy to learn English well. 八、作表語: My job is to teach English. His wish is to become a scientist. 九、動詞不定式和疑問詞連用.動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what, which , how , when , where ,who 等連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等成分.這時往往可以擴(kuò)寫成賓語從句; The question is how to use the computer. I don’t know where to go for my holiday =I don’t know where I can go for my holiday. He can’t decide which book to choose.= He can’t decide which book he can choose. I don’t know what I should do next=I don’t know what to do next. 十、動詞不定式的否定形式: not to＋動詞原形 Tell him not to be late. I will try not to read in bed. 十一、動詞不定式省略to的場合:（1）作動詞let, make , have, feel ,hear, see , watch , notice 等的賓語補(bǔ)足語時,動詞不定式不帶to. Let him do the work. He made me work day and night. I saw him fall off the bike. （2）作動詞help的賓語補(bǔ)足語時,動詞不定式可帶to,也可不帶to. He didn’t help me（to）mend the bike. You have helped ( to ) protect our environment. （3）在助動詞和一些情態(tài)動詞如will , would , shall , should , can , could , may , might , must , do , does , did , didn’t , don’t , doesn’t 等的后面,用動詞原形,即動詞不定式不帶to. Will you help me? He doesn’t live here. It might rain . You must finish your homework on time. （4）在why not…? , had better , would rather 等的后面也跟不帶to的動詞不定式.（原形） Why not buy a dictionary? You had better （not）stay at home. I would rather go early. （5）在第二個不定式前一般不帶to. I would like to lie down and go to sleep. Do you want to eat now or wait till later? ※ 在下列答語中, to不能省略: －Will you join me in a walk?－I will be glad to. －Will you go swimming with me this afternoon?－I would love to. －Used he work in the factory?－Yes , he used to . Exercises: 1. We must find a person （做這項工作） 2. In my family, my mother is always the first one （起床） 3. Do you have （什么問題要問）? 4. There are （許多重要事情要談） 5. This book is （不容易理解） 6.He was too excited （說不出話來） 7. Do you think him easy （容易相處）? 8. You must get him （今晚順便到這兒來） 9. It was not good （早晨起床晚） 10. It was a mistake （沒有幫他學(xué)英語） 11. Her wish is （成為一名大學(xué)生） 12.What worries me is （在會上演說些什么） 13. It is our duty （保護(hù)家園） 14. I opened the door （讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來）。
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