情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法總結(jié)（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）

關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法總結(jié)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞這個(gè)問題很多朋友還不知道，今天小六來為大家解答以上的問題，現(xiàn)在讓我們一起來看看吧！

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (Model Verbs) 又稱為情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞 (Model Auxil-iaries)。

2、英語中助動(dòng)詞主要有兩類：一是基本助動(dòng)詞，如have, do, be；二是情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，如may, must, need等。

3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與其他動(dòng)詞連用表示說話人的語氣。

4、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可表達(dá)建議、要求、可能和意愿等。

5、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

6、在大學(xué)英語四、六級(jí)考試中，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞部分重點(diǎn)測試以下內(nèi)容： （1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成式 （2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行式 （3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成進(jìn)行式 （4）某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法 一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成式 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成式即“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have + v-ed分詞”，表示對(duì)過去行為或動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測、評(píng)論或判斷。

7、 1. must have v-ed must have v-ed 表示推測過去某事“一定”發(fā)生了。

8、其否定形式為：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示過去不可能發(fā)生某事。

9、例如： 1）Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night. 2）You couldn’t have met my grandmother. She died before you were born. 2. could have v-ed could have v-ed 表示推測過去某動(dòng)作“很可能”發(fā)生了。

10、例如： 1）“The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?” 2）“Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday.” 3.may / might have v-ed may / might have v-ed 表示推測過去某事“也許”發(fā)生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在說話人看來稍大些。

11、例如： I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed 用于對(duì)已發(fā)生的情況表示“責(zé)備”、“不滿”，分別表示“本應(yīng)該…”和“本不應(yīng)該…”。

12、例如： 1）With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night. 2）You ought not to make fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from. 5. needn’t have v-ed needn’t have v-ed 表示過去做了某事，但沒有做的必要， 意為“本沒必要…”。

13、例如： You needn’t have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today. 注：表示推測過去某動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性時(shí)，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。

14、例如： “I wonder how Tom knew about your past.” “He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary.” 二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行式 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行式（即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + v-ing形式），表示推測或評(píng)論某動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在是否正在進(jìn)行。

15、例如： 1）He must be playing basketball in the room. 2）She may be staying at home. 三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成進(jìn)行式 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞完成進(jìn)行式（即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have been + v-ing 形式），表示推測或評(píng)論過去某動(dòng)作是否正在進(jìn)行或一直在進(jìn)行。

16、例如： 1）They should have been meeting to discuss the problem. 2）He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him. 四、某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法 1. need 考試中主要測試 need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別，對(duì)此，可參見表1.need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面跟不帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式，即 “need to”。

17、通常用在疑問句和否定句中，表示詢問是否有“必要”，其否定形式為needn’t，表示“不必”；疑問形式為 Need … do? 極少用于肯定句。

18、例如： 1）I don’t think we need turn the light on at that time. 2）Need you ride a bike to school? 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need 在時(shí)態(tài)、肯定、否定結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)比見表1。

19、 2. dare 考試中主要測試dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。

20、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare 與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞dare 在時(shí)態(tài)、肯定、否定、疑問結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)比見表2。

21、 3. can 和 may 考試中主要測試can，may或could，might表示可能性的區(qū)別及對(duì)may構(gòu)成的疑問句的回答。

22、 時(shí)態(tài) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 need 現(xiàn) You need (not) do You (don’t) need to do 在 時(shí) He need (not) do He needs (doesn’t need) to do 過 You needed (didn’t need) to do 去 時(shí) He needed (didn’t need) to do 將 You need (not) do You will (not) need to do 來 時(shí) He need (not) do He will (not) need to do 句型 時(shí)態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 dare 肯定句 現(xiàn)在時(shí) dare to 少用 dare/dares to do 過去時(shí) dare to 少用 dared to do 否定句 現(xiàn)在時(shí) daren’t/dare not do do/does not dare (to) do 過去時(shí) dared not do did not dare (to) do 疑問句 現(xiàn)在時(shí) Dare he do? Do you/Does he dear (to) do? 過去時(shí) Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do （1）can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性.can, could表示潛在的可能性或理論上或邏輯判斷上存在的可能性；而may, might則表示事實(shí)上的可能性。

23、此外，can還具有“有能力”的意思，而may與might則不具此意。

24、例如： 1）According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow. 2) Any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong. （2）May I / we …？這一類疑問句的肯定回答為Yes, please.或Certainly；否定回答為Please don’t.或No, you mustn’t. 例如： “May we leave now?” “No, you mustn’t. You haven’t finished your home work yet.” 4. can 和 be able to can 與 be able to 都可以表示能力，但兩者在用法上有點(diǎn)差異：can (could)表示主觀能力，不表示意愿，它的將來時(shí)用will be able to; be able to表示主觀意愿，強(qiáng)調(diào)要克服困難去做某事。

25、例如： 1）My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses. 2）He is able to give up his bad habits. 5. must 和 have to must 和 have to 都可以表示“必須”，但有幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別： （1）must 強(qiáng)調(diào)“內(nèi)在的職責(zé)”、“義務(wù)”，而have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)“外界壓力”、“不得已而為之”。

26、 （2）have to可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，而must一般用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其過去時(shí)與將來時(shí)分別由had to與shall / will have to代替。

27、 （3）在回答must引起的問題時(shí)，如果是否定的答復(fù)，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to，因?yàn)閙ustn’t是“一定不要”、“一定不能”的意思。

28、例如： 1）You must come to the classroom before eight. 2）It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now. 3）“Must we do it now?” “No, you needn’t.” 6. used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v （1）used to +v意為“過去常常”，“過去一直”；be used to +v-ing / n（名詞）意為“習(xí)慣于”；be used to +v意為“被用來（做某事）”。

29、 （2）used to只表示過去，而be used to +v-ing / n可表示現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)怼?/p>

30、例如： 1）He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t. 2）He’s quite used to hard work / working hard. 3）The knife is used to cut bread. 7．用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他短語 would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as well等可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

31、例如： 1）The soldier would sooner die than surrender. 2）The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy. 3）I’d rather walk than take a bus. 4）If you don’t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home. 注：這些短語后一般直接跟動(dòng)詞原形.would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that 引導(dǎo)的從句，that 常省去，從句要用虛擬語氣。

32、對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來的假設(shè)用過去時(shí)，對(duì)過去的假設(shè)用過去完成時(shí)。

33、例如： 1）I would rather you came on Sunday. 2）I would sooner you hadn’t asked me to speak yesterday.。

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